托福英语语法指南—词性变化
录入时间：2007-8-6 11:45:42 |
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| 词性混淆误用一直是TOEEL考题中最重要的命题形式。它与“基本句子结构”（本书要点之1）和“平行结构”（本书要点之4）组成TOEEL命题的三大焦点。有关词性混淆的试题主要集中在written Expression （16—40题）中，命题范围包括 （1）并列结构中词性一致 （2）形容词与副词混淆 （3）形容词与名词混淆 （4）名词与动词混淆 其中，形容词用错的题型占此类命题的最大比例。词性混淆常考题型及解题要点： 1、并列连词and but or结构要求词性统一 全真例题分析 （1） Bigness. Boastful. And strong. Frontiersman Mike Fink was the subject of many folk tales. （93.3） [答案] A并列连词and连接三个形容词，故（A）Bigness应改为Big。 （2） The success of a naval ship is determined by its seaworthiness, speedy ,and maneuverability. （92.10） [答案] D并列连词and连接三个名词，而speed是形容词，故应改为speed。
（3） Regulation of public utilities in the United States is carried out by locally state and federal governments. （92.5） [答案] D并列连词and连接三个形容词性质的词，共同修饰后面的中心词governnenrfs。而locally是副词，应改为local。 （4） In Middle Ages. Books called bestiaries were prepared in an attempt to describe animals, real or imagine, that exemplified human traits. （92.5） [答案] B并列连词or前面是形容词real。之后亦应是形容词imaginary。 2、形容词错用为副词 解题要点形容词用来修饰说明名词或名词性成分的，而副词则可修饰除名词以外的所有词性及句子成分。 全真例题分析 （1） Animal life on Prince Edward island is confined large to ducks. Pheasants. And rabbits （93.5） [答案]C修饰限定介词短语to ducks pheasants and rabbits应用副词largely。 （2） The General Sherman tree a giant sequoia in California, has grown to be the world*s largest plant at approximate 272 feet tall. [答案] D修饰说明数词（272）应用副词approximately。 （3） Because its body is supported by water, the blue whale can grow to a size considerable larger than any land mammal alive today. （93.8） [答案]修饰形容词短语larger than...应用副词形式considerably。 （4） Once an important port of entry for immigrants to the United States. Island recent reopened its great hall s a museum of immigration. （92.8）词性是否正确，是否错用为动词。 全真例题分析 （1） The work saga is often application to any narration of events of the past, whether mythical or historical in character. （92.10） [答案] A application应改为applied，作谓语动词的被动语态。 （2） Administrative assistants are often expected to make decisions, supervision staff, delegate responsibility, and work harmoniously with managers and fellow cmployces. （92.100 [答案] B supervision改为动词原形supervise与后面名词组成动宾结构。 （3） Fascination by the promise of the internal engine and its application to a self-propelled vehicle, Henly Ford constructed a one-cylinder gasoline motor in 1892. （93.10） [答案] A Fascination改为Fascinated，与后面的by组成过去分词短语作状语。 （4） From 1872 to, Alice Elvira Freeman was Dean of Women at the newly foundation University of Chicago. （93.8） [答案] D foundation改为founded过去分词作定语，修饰University of Chicago 3、由表示词性的后缀- fur ,-tie -enc., -ent,-tive都很可能是此题的考试焦点 全真例题分析 （1） Few theories are originality enough to be called unique. （92.10） [答案] C名词originality应改为形容词original作表语。 （2） Height, powerful and speed are attributes that coaches often look for in basketball players. （93.8） [答案] A形容词powerful应改为名词power，与height和speed并列。 （3） A major purpose of scientific analysts is to idenufy and examine causal connections between independent and dependence variables. （93.1） [答案] D名词dependence应改为形容词dependent，用来修饰后面的名词variables。 （4） A deficient of folic acid is rarely found in humans because the vitamin is contained in a wide variety of foods. （92.8） [答案]A形容词deficient改为名词deficiency。作主语。 （5） In nature, the distributive of plants is obviously related to climate. （90.8） [答案] B形容词distributive改为名词distribution，用主语。 （6） A foreign exchange rate is a price that reflects the relative supply and demand of difference currencies. （93.5） [答案] D名词difference改为形容词different，修饰后面的名词。 |
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